My '94 MTX's Emission Problem

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PhenomSHO

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Hi everyone. I have a question. I recently took 1994 MTX through emissions testing and I failed one part. It puts out too many hydrocarbons while idling. I know hydrocarbons is unburnt fuel. I am not sure what would cause (or decrease) the amount of the hydrocarbons put out while idling. My car idles at roughly 900 RPM's. I am not sure if that is normal or too high. It has an exhaust leak too (pretty sure that doesn't have that much to do with hydrocarbons, but figured I'd say it). So I'm just wondering if there's anything you guys could suggest I do to get it so it will pass emissions.

Thanks!!
-Kelly
 

sperold

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Without knowing anything about the state of the car, your best bet would be to install new O2 sensors (motorcraft brand) and make sure they are grounded properly by the wiring harness (otherwise the heaters don't work).
If it fails after that change, you will be tempted to install new plugs and wires and things like that. If you are getting decent mileage and good performance and your plugs are not sitting in pools of oil, go right to the spout connector and remove it for the retest.
Make sure your car is warmed up well for the test and if it is running cold, change your thermostat.
 

rubydist

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Here are a couple of thoughts:

High HC is possible for both too rich and too lean of a/f mixture. Too rich of a/f will result in high HC and high CO. Too lean of a/f will result in high HC but not high CO.

So, if you are only failing due to high HC, I would conclude that you have a lean mixture at idle. This conclusion would be supported by your report that it idles at 900 rpm, which is too high, and suggests a vacuum leak - that would increase idle speed and result in lean at idle. So, I would look for and fix any vacuum leaks you can find. I would also clean the mafs, since a dirty mafs will read less airflow than what there actually is.

You could also have a misfire due to poor plug or plug wires, or oil in plug holes, but I would expect high CO to go along with the high HC.

Your exhaust leak may be causing you problems with the emission test, especially if that leak is close to the engine. This is because the exhaust flow is not like water flowing through a garden hose, but rather a series of sharp pulses of positive and negative pressure (from the exhaust valves opening and closing). That means fresh air is sucked into the exhaust system at that leak, and the oxygen in that air can confuse the O2 sensor if the leak is before the sensor, and can possibly react with unburned HC in undesirable ways. The point is that you cannot just ignore the exhaust leak - it may be contributing to your problems.
 

PhenomSHO

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Here are a couple of thoughts:

High HC is possible for both too rich and too lean of a/f mixture. Too rich of a/f will result in high HC and high CO. Too lean of a/f will result in high HC but not high CO.

So, if you are only failing due to high HC, I would conclude that you have a lean mixture at idle. This conclusion would be supported by your report that it idles at 900 rpm, which is too high, and suggests a vacuum leak - that would increase idle speed and result in lean at idle. So, I would look for and fix any vacuum leaks you can find. I would also clean the mafs, since a dirty mafs will read less airflow than what there actually is.

You could also have a misfire due to poor plug or plug wires, or oil in plug holes, but I would expect high CO to go along with the high HC.

Your exhaust leak may be causing you problems with the emission test, especially if that leak is close to the engine. This is because the exhaust flow is not like water flowing through a garden hose, but rather a series of sharp pulses of positive and negative pressure (from the exhaust valves opening and closing). That means fresh air is sucked into the exhaust system at that leak, and the oxygen in that air can confuse the O2 sensor if the leak is before the sensor, and can possibly react with unburned HC in undesirable ways. The point is that you cannot just ignore the exhaust leak - it may be contributing to your problems.

A couple people have mentioned oil in my spark plug wells, I checked and I have oil in one of them. What does having oil in the wells mean and what can I do to fix it?
 

tailerdeal

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A couple people have mentioned oil in my spark plug wells, I checked and I have oil in one of them. What does having oil in the wells mean and what can I do to fix it?

having oil in the plug wells is due to a bad seal with the valve cover. not a huge deal and a very common problem. just get a new valve cover gasket and youre good, they come with the ring seals for the plug wells as well.
 

rubydist

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having oil in the plug wells is due to a bad seal on the valve cover, but it can be a huge deal - the oil allows the spark to short out through the oil to the head, rather than making the spark plug fire. this can cause lack of power, driveability, and emissions problems.

the solution to the oil in plug wells problem is to replace the valve cover gaskets.

that is not likely to be causing your high HC levels, if the CO levels are okay.
 

sperold

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Are you under pressure to get a pass on the E-test? To get yourself out of hot water quicky, consider Post #2.

My experience has been that all the numbers are bad. I have never come across a failure at the idle speed test.
My experience has also been that a typical tune up doesn't improve things much as far as the test goes... but that may just be me.
Your situation is quite different from my experience.
What has worked for me is new Motorcraft O2 sensors and a fully warmed up car at the time of the test.
Manually clean your oily plug well for now.
Eventually, you have to address all your shortcomings to have a great running car.
 

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