so, if you short between the two large terminals on the end of the solenoid, you will get the starter motor to spin. However, to get the bendix to pull in, you need 12V on that little terminal on the solenoid - that is what causes the solenoid to pull in and that moves the bendix to engage the gear on the starter motor.
so, if you short between the 2 large terminals while someone is holding the key switch to "start" position, the starter should engage normally and start the engine. if that is the case but it won't start normally when you turn the key to "start" then you have a bad solenoid.
if you short between the 2 large terminals and nothing happens, then you either have a bad battery, bad connections on the battery cables, or an open circuit on the starter motor.